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Simulation is a three part process: the design of a model that describes an actual physical system, the execution of this model on a computer, and the analysis of the execution output. In simplest terms, a simulation is a role-play - build artificial objects and act out roles with these objects.
In modeling an Emergency Department, the model would contain patients, physicians and other clinicians, the ED infrastructure, work flows describing the patient arrival time, the patient-physician/clinician interactions, and work flows describing the patient's interactions with Lab/X-ray, diversion criteria, and documentation and admission/discharge processes. Expected or average durations are then assigned for each of the time-based work flows and activities
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